std::nth_element
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在头文件 <algorithm> 中定义
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template< class RandomIt > void nth_element( RandomIt first, RandomIt nth, RandomIt last ); |
(1) | |
template< class RandomIt, class Compare > void nth_element( RandomIt first, RandomIt nth, RandomIt last, Compare comp ); |
(2) | |
部分排序的范围内
[first, last)
升序排列,使范围内的所有元素[first, nth)
是“少”的范围内[nth, last)
。 operator<的第一个版本使用比较的元素,第二个版本使用给定的比较函数comp
。的元件放置在nth
位置是完全相同的元素,该元素将在这个位置上,如果发生的范围完全排序.原文:
Partially sorts the range
[first, last)
in ascending order so that all elements in the range [first, nth)
are less than those in the range [nth, last)
. The first version uses operator< to compare the elements, the second version uses the given comparison function comp
. The element placed in the nth
position is exactly the element that would occur in this position if the range was fully sorted.目录 |
[编辑] 参数
first, last | - | 随机访问迭代器定义的范围进行排序
原文: random access iterators defining the range sort |
nth | - | 随机访问迭代器定义排序分割点
原文: random access iterator defining the sort partition point |
comp | - | comparison function which returns true if the first argument is less than the second. The signature of the comparison function should be equivalent to the following: bool cmp(const Type1 &a, const Type2 &b); The signature does not need to have const &, but the function must not modify the objects passed to it. |
类型要求 | ||
-RandomIt 必须满足 ValueSwappable 和 RandomAccessIterator 的要求。
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-The type of dereferenced RandomIt must meet the requirements of MoveAssignable and MoveConstructible .
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[编辑] 返回值
(无)
[编辑] 复杂度
线性平均在std::distance(first, last).
原文:
Linear in std::distance(first, last) on average.
[编辑] 示例
#include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> #include <functional> int main() { std::vector<int> v{5, 6, 4, 3, 2, 6, 7, 9, 3}; std::nth_element(v.begin(), v.begin() + v.size()/2, v.end()); std::cout << "The median is " << v[v.size()/2] << '\n'; std::nth_element(v.begin(), v.begin()+1, v.end(), std::greater<int>()); std::cout << "The second largest element is " << v[1] << '\n'; }
输出:
The median is 5 The second largest element is 7
[编辑] 另请参阅
对区间内的元素进行复制并部分排序 (函数模板) | |
将区间内的元素排序,同时保持相等的元素之间的顺序 (函数模板) | |
将区间按升序排序 (函数模板) |