std::hash<Key>::operator()
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Specializations of std::hash should define an operator()
that:
- Takes a single argument
key
of typeKey
. - Returns a value of type size_t that represents the hash value of
key
. - For two parameters
k1
andk2
that are equal, std::hash<Key>()(k1) == std::hash<Key>()(k2). - For two different parameters
k1
andk2
that are not equal, the probability that std::hash<Key>()(k1) == std::hash<Key>()(k2) should be very small, approaching 1.0/std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max().
目录 |
[编辑] 参数
key | - | the object to be hashed |
[编辑] 返回值
a size_t representing the hash value
[编辑] 例外
Hash functions should not throw exceptions.
[编辑] 示例
The following code shows how to specialize the std::hash template for a custom class.
#include <functional> #include <iostream> #include <string> struct Employee { std::string name; unsigned int ID; }; namespace std { template <> class hash<Employee> { public: size_t operator()(const Employee &employee) const { // computes the hash of an employee using a variant // of the Fowler-Noll-Vo hash function size_t result = 2166136261; for (size_t i = 0, ie = employee.name.size(); i != ie; ++i) { result = (result * 16777619) ^ employee.name[i]; } return result ^ (employee.ID << 1); } }; } int main() { Employee employee; employee.name = "Zaphod Beeblebrox"; employee.ID = 42; std::hash<Employee> hash_fn; std::cout << hash_fn(employee) << '\n'; }
输出:
177237019